Search results for "energy [particle]"

showing 10 items of 22753 documents

ABALONETM Photosensors for the IceCube experiment

2020

Abstract The ABALONE TM Photosensor Technology (U.S. Pat. 9,064,678) is a modern technology specifically invented for cost-effective mass production, robustness, and high performance. We present the performance of advanced fused-silica ABALONE Photosensors, developed specifically for the potential extension of the IceCube neutrino experiment, and stress-tested for 120 days. The resulting performance makes a significant difference: intrinsic gain of ≈ 6 × 108, total afterpulsing rate of only 5 × 10−3 ions per photoelectron , sub-nanosecond timing resolution, single-photon sensitivity, and unique radio-purity and UV sensitivity, thanks to the fused silica components—at no additional cost to t…

010302 applied physicsPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhotonbusiness.industryDetectorSignificant differencePhotodetector02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesUv sensitivityIntrinsic gainOptics0103 physical sciencesNeutrino0210 nano-technologybusinessInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Radiation hardness studies of CdTe and for the SIXS particle detector on-board the BepiColombo spacecraft

2009

Abstract We report of the radiation hardness measurements that were performed in the developing work of a particle detector on-board ESA's forthcoming BepiColombo spacecraft. Two different high- Z semiconductor compounds, cadmium telluride (CdTe) and mercuric iodide (HgI 2 ), were irradiated with 22 MeV protons in four steps to attain the estimated total dose of 10 12 p / cm 2 for the mission time. The performance of the detectors was studied before and after every irradiation with radioactive 55 Fe source Mn K α 5.9 keV emission line. We studied the impact of the proton beam exposure on detector leakage current, energy resolution and charge collection efficiency (CCE). Also the reconstruct…

010302 applied physicsPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsProton010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetector7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesCadmium telluride photovoltaicsParticle detectorSemiconductor detectorSemiconductor13. Climate action0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsIrradiationbusinessInstrumentationRadiation hardeningNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Mass calibration of the energy axis in ToF- E elastic recoil detection analysis

2016

We report on procedures that we have developed to mass-calibrate the energy axis of ToF-E histograms in elastic recoil detection analysis. The obtained calibration parameters allow one to transform the ToF-E histogram into a calibrated ToF-M histogram.

010302 applied physicsPhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physicsta114Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics::Medical PhysicsAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsERD02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsElastic recoil detectionComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionHistogramelastic recoil detection analysis0103 physical sciencesCalibrationmass calibrationToF-ENuclear Experiment0210 nano-technologyInstrumentationEnergy (signal processing)Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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The effect of plasma electrode collar structure on the performance of the JYFL 14GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source

2013

Abstract The influence of a so-called collar structure on the performance of the JYFL 14 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) has been studied experimentally at the Department of Physics, University of Jyvaskyla (JYFL). The collar is a cylindrical structure extruding inwards from the plasma electrode. The collar length was varied between 5 and 60 mm. For some ion species a moderate performance improvement was achieved in terms of extracted beam current and transverse emittance up to 30 mm collar length. Longer collars resulted in a substantial performance decrease. Different collar materials, i.e. nonmagnetic stainless steel, aluminum and Al 2 O 3 , and a wide range of ion sp…

010302 applied physicsPhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physicsta114Plasma01 natural sciences7. Clean energyElectron cyclotron resonanceIon source010305 fluids & plasmasCollarIon0103 physical sciencesElectrodeThermal emittanceddc:530Atomic physicsInstrumentationBeam (structure)
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Effects of magnetic configuration on hot electrons in a minimum-B ECR plasma

2020

International audience; To investigate the hot electron population and the appearance of kinetic instabilities in highly charged electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS), the axially emitted bremsstrahlung spectra and microwave bursts emitted from ECRIS plasma were synchronously measured on SECRAL-II (Superconducting ECR ion source with Advanced design in Lanzhou No. II) ion source with various magnetic field configurations. The experimental results show that when the ratio of the minimum field to the resonance field (i.e. Bmin/Becr ) is less than ~0.8, the bremsstrahlung spectral temperature Ts increases linearly with the Bmin/Becr –ratio when the injection, extraction and radial mi…

010302 applied physicsPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph]Cyclotron resonanceBremsstrahlungResonancePlasmaCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesElectromagnetic radiationElectron cyclotron resonance010305 fluids & plasmasMagnetic fieldNuclear Energy and Engineering0103 physical sciencesAtomic physicsMicrowave
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A summary of expressions for central performance parameters of high efficiency solar cell concepts

2019

This work reviews expressions for central performance parameters of various types of PV-concepts when operating at the radiative limit. Some new expressions not published elsewhere are also included. The performance parameters include the short circuit current density, the open circuit voltage, the maximum power density and the optimal voltage. The cell concepts include single junction cells, cells optically coupled to up- and down-converters, intermediate band solar cells and a couple of implementations of multijunction devices. The Lambert W function is used to express the maximum power density.

010302 applied physicsPhysicsbusiness.industryOpen-circuit voltageSemiconductor device modeling02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySolar energyTopology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionsymbols.namesakelawLambert W function0103 physical sciencesSolar cellsymbolsEnergy transformation0210 nano-technologybusinessShort circuitVoltage2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)
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Cyclotron instability in the afterglow mode of minimum-B ECRIS.

2016

It was shown recently that cyclotron instability in non-equilibrium plasma of a minimum-B electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) causes perturbation of the extracted ion current and generation of strong bursts of bremsstrahlung emission, which limit the performance of the ion source. The present work is devoted to the dynamic regimes of plasma instability in ECRIS operated in pulsed mode. Instability develops in decaying plasma shortly after heating microwaves are switched off and manifests itself in the form of powerful pulses of electromagnetic emission associated with precipitation of high energy electrons. Time-resolved measurements of microwave emission bursts are presented. I…

010302 applied physicsPhysicsta114ta213Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaplasma instabilityCyclotronBremsstrahlungPlasma01 natural sciencesInstabilityIon sourceElectron cyclotron resonance010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionTwo-stream instabilityPhysics::Plasma Physicslaw0103 physical scienceselectron cyclotron resonance ion sourcesAtomic physicsInstrumentationIon cyclotron resonanceThe Review of scientific instruments
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An Energy Saving Mechanism Based on Vacation Queuing Theory in Data Center Networks

2018

To satisfy the growing need for computing resources, data centers consume a huge amount of power which raises serious concerns regarding the scale of the energy consumption and wastage. One of the important reasons for such energy wastage relates to the redundancies. Redundancies are defined as the backup routing paths and unneeded active ports implemented for the sake of load balancing and fault tolerance. The energy loss may also be caused by the random nature of incoming packets forcing nodes to stay powered on all the times to await for incoming tasks. This paper proposes a re-architecturing of network devices to address energy wastage issue by consolidating the traffic arriving from di…

010302 applied physicsQueueing theorybusiness.industryComputer scienceNetwork packet020206 networking & telecommunicationsFault tolerance02 engineering and technologyEnergy consumptionData center networksLoad balancing (computing)01 natural sciencesNetworking hardwareBackupPower consumption0103 physical sciencesVacation queuing theory0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringData centerbusinessComputer network
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Oxy-nitrides characterization with a new ERD-TOF system

2017

Abstract A new time-of-flight (TOF) camera was installed on Elastic Recoil Detection (ERD) measurement setup on the Tandem Accelerator at Universite de Montreal. The camera consists of two timing detectors, developed and built by the Jyvaskyla group, that use a thin carbon foil and microchannel plates (MCP) to produce the start and stop signals. The position of the first detector is fixed at 18 cm from the target, while the position of the second detector can be varied between 50 and 90 cm from the first detector. This allows to increase time resolution by increasing the distance between the time-of-flight detectors or to increase solid angle by decreasing the distance. Moving the detector …

010302 applied physicsToF-ERDANuclear and High Energy PhysicsIon beam analysisMicrochannelMaterials scienceta114Physics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryDetectorSolid angleion beam analysis02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesSignalelastic recoil detectionElastic recoil detectionOpticsPosition (vector)0103 physical sciences0210 nano-technologybusinessInstrumentationEnergy (signal processing)Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Simulations of the effect of the contact energy levels on a simple model of a hot carrier cell

2016

In the present work, the performance of a simplified model of a hot carrier cell is examined at different energy levels of carrier collection. Incident photons, Monte Carlo generated by employing the ASTM G173-03 data set, are accounted for individually as they interact with the cell. It is assumed that the carriers can be collected ultra-fast, thus avoiding considering hot carrier thermalisation effects. Although the model is preliminary and lacking some mechanisms of hot carrier cells, it has been demonstrated that the present approach to modelling hot carrier solar cells can be developed into fully working models. Some effects of the absorption energy levels in the valence band have been…

010302 applied physicsWork (thermodynamics)SIMPLE (dark matter experiment)PhotonMaterials sciencebusiness.industryMonte Carlo methodElectrical engineering02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesComputational physicsThermalisationEnergy absorbing0103 physical sciencesValence band0210 nano-technologybusinessEnergy (signal processing)2016 IEEE 43rd Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)
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